The strongest human evidence is topical, including the Leyden 2002 photoaging trial and a 2023 IRB-approved 21-woman topical NEEL gel study reporting an average 28% increase in skin collagen density at 3 months
Huang L, Qin G, Gong C, Sun Y, Yang H, Lv C, Liu C, Jiang L, Yuan J, Hu M, Gao X, Yang J, Li X, Si Y, Song P, Shi Y, Shi L, Yang B, Wang B (2025) Site-specific ligase-dependent conjugation with ring-opening linker improves safety and stability of HER2-targeting ADCs
This metabolic imbalance contributes to increased lipid peroxidation, as indicated by high malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (Chauhan et al., 2004), and is exacerbated by a concomitant reduction in antioxidant defenses
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